# Apache NiFi Toolkit Guide

Apache NiFi Team
dev@nifi.apache.org

## Overview

The NiFi Toolkit contains several command line utilities to setup and support NiFi in standalone and clustered environments. The utilities include:

- CLI — The `cli` tool enables administrators to interact with NiFi and NiFi Registry instances to automate tasks such as deploying versioned flows and managing process groups and cluster nodes.

- Encrypt Config — The `encrypt-config` tool encrypts the sensitive keys in the nifi.properties file to facilitate the setup of a secure NiFi instance.

- File Manager — The `file-manager` tool enables administrators to backup, install or restore a NiFi installation from backup.

- Flow Analyzer — The `flow-analyzer` tool produces a report that helps administrators understand the max amount of data which can be stored in backpressure for a given flow.

- Node Manager — The `node-manager` tool enables administrators to perform status checks on nodes as well as the ability to connect, disconnect, or remove nodes from the cluster.

- Notify — The `notify` tool enables administrators to send bulletins to the NiFi UI.

- S2S — The `s2s` tool enables administrators to send data into or out of NiFi flows over site-to-site.

- TLS Toolkit — The `tls-toolkit` utility generates the required keystores, truststore, and relevant configuration files to facilitate the setup of a secure NiFi instance.

- ZooKeeper Migrator — The `zk-migrator` tool enables administrators to:

  - move ZooKeeper information from one ZooKeeper cluster to another

  - migrate ZooKeeper node ownership

The utilities are executed with scripts found in the `bin` folder of your NiFi Toolkit installation.

| The NiFi Toolkit is downloaded separately from NiFi (see the Apache NiFi Downloads page).

### Prerequisites for Running in a Secure Environment

For secured nodes and clusters, two policies should be configured in advance:

- Access the controller – A user that will have access to these utilities should be authorized in NiFi by creating an “access the controller” policy (`/controller`) with both view and modify rights

- Proxy user request – If not previously set, node’s identity (the DN value of the node’s certificate) should be authorized to proxy requests on behalf of a user

When executing either the Notify or Node Manager tools in a secured environment the `proxyDN` flag option should be used in order to properly identify the user that was authorized to execute these commands. In non-secure environments, or if running the status operation on the Node Manager tool, the flag is ignored.

## NiFi CLI

This tool offers a CLI focused on interacting with NiFi and NiFi Registry in order to automate tasks, such as deploying flows from a NIFi Registy to a NiFi instance or managing process groups and cluster nodes.

### Usage

The CLI toolkit can be executed in standalone mode to execute a single command, or interactive mode to enter an interactive shell.

To execute a single command:

    ./bin/cli.sh <command> <args>

To launch the interactive shell:

    ./bin/cli.sh

To show help:

    ./bin/cli.sh -h

The following are available commands:

    demo quick-import
    nifi current-user
    nifi cluster-summary
    nifi connect-node
    nifi delete-node
    nifi disconnect-node
    nifi get-root-id
    nifi get-node
    nifi get-nodes
    nifi offload-node
    nifi list-reg-clients
    nifi create-reg-client
    nifi update-reg-client
    nifi get-reg-client-id
    nifi pg-import
    nifi pg-start
    nifi pg-stop
    nifi pg-create
    nifi pg-get-vars
    nifi pg-set-var
    nifi pg-get-version
    nifi pg-change-version
    nifi pg-get-all-versions
    nifi pg-list
    nifi pg-status
    nifi pg-get-services
    nifi pg-create-service
    nifi pg-enable-services
    nifi pg-disable-services
    nifi pg-get-param-context
    nifi pg-set-param-context
    nifi pg-replace
    nifi get-services
    nifi get-service
    nifi create-service
    nifi enable-services
    nifi disable-services
    nifi get-reporting-tasks
    nifi get-reporting-task
    nifi create-reporting-task
    nifi delete-reporting-task
    nifi start-reporting-tasks
    nifi stop-reporting-tasks
    nifi list-users
    nifi create-user
    nifi list-user-groups
    nifi create-user-group
    nifi update-user-group
    nifi get-policy
    nifi update-policy
    nifi list-templates
    nifi download-template
    nifi upload-template
    nifi list-param-contexts
    nifi get-param-context
    nifi create-param-context
    nifi delete-param-context
    nifi set-inherited-param-contexts
    nifi remove-inherited-param-contexts
    nifi set-param-provider-reference
    nifi remove-param-provider-reference
    nifi set-param
    nifi delete-param
    nifi export-param-context
    nifi import-param-context
    nifi merge-param-context
    nifi list-param-providers
    nifi get-param-provider
    nifi create-param-provider
    nifi delete-param-provider
    nifi fetch-params
    nifi set-param-provider-property
    nifi get-access-token
    nifi get-access-token-spnego
    nifi logout-access-token
    registry current-user
    registry list-buckets
    registry create-bucket
    registry delete-bucket
    registry list-flows
    registry create-flow
    registry delete-flow
    registry list-flow-versions
    registry export-flow-version
    registry import-flow-version
    registry sync-flow-versions
    registry transfer-flow-version
    registry diff-flow-versions
    registry upload-bundle
    registry upload-bundles
    registry list-bundle-groups
    registry list-bundle-artifacts
    registry list-bundle-versions
    registry download-bundle
    registry get-bundle-checksum
    registry list-extension-tags
    registry list-extensions
    registry list-users
    registry create-user
    registry update-user
    registry list-user-groups
    registry create-user-group
    registry update-user-group
    registry get-policy
    registry update-policy
    registry update-bucket-policy
    registry get-access-token
    registry get-access-token-spnego
    registry logout-access-token
    session keys
    session show
    session get
    session set
    session remove
    session clear
    exit
    help

To display extensive help for a specific command:

    ./bin/cli.sh <command> -h

### Property/Argument Handling

Most commands will require specifying a baseUrl for the NiFi or NiFi Registry instance.

An example command to list the buckets in a NiFi Registry instance would be the following:

    ./bin/cli.sh registry list-buckets -u http://localhost:18080

In order to avoid specifying the URL (and possibly other optional arguments for TLS) on every command, you can define a properties file containing the repetitive arguments.

An example properties file for a local NiFi Registry instance would look like the following:

     baseUrl=http://localhost:18080
     keystore=
     keystoreType=
     keystorePasswd=
     keyPasswd=
     truststore=
     truststoreType=
     truststorePasswd=
     proxiedEntity=

This properties file can then be used on a command by specifying `-p`:

    ./bin/cli.sh registry list-buckets -p /path/to/local-nifi-registry.properties

You could then maintain a properties file for each environment you plan to interact with, such as Dev, QA, and Prod.

In addition to specifying a properties file on each command, you can setup a default properties file to be used in the event that no properties file is specified.

The default properties file is specified using the `session` concept, which persists to the users home directory in a file called .nifi-cli.config.

An example of setting the default property files for NiFi would be the following:

    ./bin/cli.sh session set nifi.props /path/to/local-nifi.properties

An example for NiFi Registry would be the following:

    ./bin/cli.sh session set nifi.reg.props /path/to/local-nifi-registry.properties

This will write the above properties into the .nifi-cli.config in the user’s home directory and will allow commands to be executed without specifying a URL or properties file:

    ./bin/cli.sh registry list-buckets

The above command will now use the `baseUrl` from local-nifi-registry.properties.

The order of resolving an argument is the following:

- A direct argument overrides anything in a properties file or session

- A properties file argument (`-p`) overrides the session

- The session is used when nothing else is specified

### Security Configuration

If NiFi and NiFi Registry are secured, then commands executed from the CLI will need to make a TLS connection and authenticate as a user with permissions to perform the desired action.

Currently the CLI supports authenticating with a client certificate and an optional proxied-entity. A common scenario would be running the CLI from one of the nodes where NiFi or NiFi Registry is installed, which allows the CLI to use the same keystore and truststore as the NiFi/NiFi Registry instance.

The security configuration can be specified per-command, or in one of the properties files described in the previous section.

The examples below are for NiFi Registry, but the same concept applies for NiFi commands.

#### Example - Secure NiFi Registry without Proxied-Entity

Assuming we have a keystore containing the certificate for "CN=user1, OU=NIFI", an example properties file would be the following:

     baseUrl=https://localhost:18443
     keystore=/path/to/keystore.jks
     keystoreType=JKS
     keystorePasswd=changeme
     keyPasswd=changeme
     truststore=/path/to/truststore.jks
     truststoreType=JKS
     truststorePasswd=changeme

In this example, commands will be executed as "CN=user1, OU=NIFI". This user would need to be a user in NiFi Registry, and commands accessing buckets would be restricted to buckets this user has access to.

#### Example - Secure NiFi Registry with Proxied-Entity

Assuming we have access to the keystore of NiFi Registry itself, and that NiFi Registry is also configured to allow Kerberos or LDAP authentication, an example properties file would be the following:

     baseUrl=https://localhost:18443
     keystore=/path/to/keystore.jks
     keystoreType=JKS
     keystorePasswd=changeme
     keyPasswd=changeme
     truststore=/path/to/truststore.jks
     truststoreType=JKS
     truststorePasswd=changeme
     proxiedEntity=user1@NIFI.COM

In this example, the certificate in keystore.jks would be for the NiFi Registry server, for example "CN=localhost, OU=NIFI". This identity would need to be defined as a user in NiFi Registry and given permissions to 'Proxy'.

"CN=localhost, OU=NIFI" would be proxying commands to be executed as user1@NIFI.COM.

### Interactive Usage

In interactive mode the tab key can be used to perform auto-completion.

For example, typing tab at an empty prompt should display possible commands for the first argument:

    #>
    demo       exit       help       nifi       registry   session

Typing "nifi " and then a tab will show the sub-commands for NiFi:

    #> nifi
    cluster-summary         enable-services         list-templates          pg-list
    connect-node            export-param-context    list-user-groups        pg-set-param-context
    create-param-context    get-node                list-users              pg-set-var
    create-reg-client       get-nodes               merge-param-context     pg-start
    create-reporting-task   get-param-context       offload-node            pg-status
    create-service          get-policy              pg-change-version       pg-stop
    create-user             get-reg-client-id       pg-create-service       set-param
    create-user-group       get-reporting-task      pg-disable-services     start-reporting-tasks
    current-user            get-reporting-tasks     pg-enable-services      stop-reporting-tasks
    delete-node             get-root-id             pg-get-all-versions     update-policy
    delete-param            get-service             pg-get-param-context    update-reg-client
    delete-param-context    get-services            pg-get-services         update-user-group
    disable-services        import-param-context    pg-get-vars             upload-template
    disconnect-node         list-param-contexts     pg-get-version          delete-reporting-task
    download-template       list-reg-clients        pg-import

Arguments that represent a path to a file, such as `-p` or when setting a properties file in the session, will auto-complete the path being typed:

    #> session set nifi.props /tmp/
    dir1/   dir2/   dir3/

### Output

Most commands support the ability to specify an `--outputType` argument, or `-ot` for short.

Currently the output type may be simple or json.

The default output type in interactive mode is simple, and the default output type in standalone mode is json.

Example of simple output for `list-buckets`:

    #> registry list-buckets -ot simple
    My Bucket - 3c7b7467-0012-4d8f-a918-6aa42b6b9d39

Example of json output for `list-buckets`:

    #> registry list-buckets -ot json
    [ {
      "identifier" : "3c7b7467-0012-4d8f-a918-6aa42b6b9d39",
      "name" : "My Bucket",
      "createdTimestamp" : 1516718733854,
      "permissions" : {
        "canRead" : true,
        "canWrite" : true,
        "canDelete" : true
      },
      "link" : {
        "params" : {
          "rel" : "self"
        },
        "href" : "buckets/3c7b7467-0012-4d8f-a918-6aa42b6b9d39"
      }
    } ]

### Back-Referencing

When using the interactive CLI, a common scenario will be using an id from a previous result as the input to the next command. Back-referencing provides a shortcut for referencing a result from the previous command via a positional reference.

| Not every command produces back-references. To determine if a command supports back-referencing, check the usage.

    #> registry list-buckets help
    Lists the buckets that the current user has access to.
    PRODUCES BACK-REFERENCES

A common scenario for utilizing back-references would be the following:

1. User starts by exploring the available buckets in a registry instance

       #> registry list-buckets
       #   Name           Id                                     Description
       -   ------------   ------------------------------------   -----------
       1   My Bucket      3c7b7467-0012-4d8f-a918-6aa42b6b9d39   (empty)
       2   Other Bucket   175fb557-43a2-4abb-871f-81a354f47bc2   (empty)

2. User then views the flows in one of the buckets using a back-reference to the bucket id from the previous result in position 1

       #> registry list-flows -b &1
       Using a positional back-reference for 'My Bucket'
       #   Name      Id                                     Description
       -   -------   ------------------------------------   ----------------
       1   My Flow   06acb207-d2f1-447f-85ed-9b8672fe6d30   This is my flow.

3. User then views the version of the flow using a back-reference to the flow id from the previous result in position 1

       #> registry list-flow-versions -f &1
       Using a positional back-reference for 'My Flow'
       Ver   Date                         Author                     Message
       ---   --------------------------   ------------------------   -------------------------------------
       1     Tue, Jan 23 2018 09:48 EST   anonymous                  This is the first version of my flow.

4. User deploys version 1 of the flow using back-references to the bucket and flow id from step 2

       #> nifi pg-import -b &1 -f &1 -fv 1
       Using a positional back-reference for 'My Bucket'
       Using a positional back-reference for 'My Flow'
       9bd157d4-0161-1000-b946-c1f9b1832efd

The reason step 4 was able to reference the results from step 2, is because the `list-flow-versions` command in step 3 does not produce back-references, so the results from step 2 are still available.

### Adding Commands

To add a NiFi command, create a new class that extends `AbstractNiFiCommand`:

    public class MyCommand extends AbstractNiFiCommand {

      public MyCommand() {
          super("my-command");
      }

      @Override
      protected void doExecute(NiFiClient client, Properties properties)
              throws NiFiClientException, IOException, MissingOptionException, CommandException {
          // TODO implement
      }

      @Override
      public String getDescription() {
          return "This is my new command";
      }
    }

Add the new command to `NiFiCommandGroup`:

    commands.add(new MyCommand());

To add a NiFi Registry command, perform the same steps, but extend from `AbstractNiFiRegistryCommand`, and add the command to `NiFiRegistryCommandGroup`.

## Encrypt-Config Tool

The `encrypt-config` command line tool (invoked as `./bin/encrypt-config.sh` or `bin\encrypt-config.bat`) reads from a nifi.properties file with plaintext sensitive configuration values, prompts for a root password or raw hexadecimal key, and encrypts each value. It replaces the plain values with the protected value in the same file, or writes to a new nifi.properties file if specified.

The default encryption algorithm utilized is AES/GCM 128/256-bit. 128-bit is used if the JCE Unlimited Strength Cryptographic Jurisdiction Policy files are not installed, and 256-bit is used if they are installed.

### Usage

To show help:

    ./bin/encrypt-config.sh -h

#### NiFi

The following are available options when targeting NiFi:

- `-h`,`--help` Show usage information (this message)

- `-v`,`--verbose` Sets verbose mode (default false)

- `-n`,`--niFiProperties <file>` The nifi.properties file containing unprotected config values (will be overwritten unless `-o` is specified)

- `-o`,`--outputNiFiProperties <file>` The destination nifi.properties file containing protected config values (will not modify input nifi.properties)

- `-l`,`--loginIdentityProviders <file>` The login-identity-providers.xml file containing unprotected config values (will be overwritten unless `-i` is specified)

- `-i`,`--outputLoginIdentityProviders <file>` The destination login-identity-providers.xml file containing protected config values (will not modify input login-identity-providers.xml)

- `-a`,`--authorizers <file>` The authorizers.xml file containing unprotected config values (will be overwritten unless `-u` is specified)

- `-u`,`--outputAuthorizers <file>` The destination authorizers.xml file containing protected config values (will not modify input authorizers.xml)

- `-f`,`--flowXml <file>` The flow.xml.gz file currently protected with old password (will be overwritten unless `-g` is specified)

- `-g`,`--outputFlowXml <file>` The destination flow.xml.gz file containing protected config values (will not modify input flow.xml.gz)

- `-b`,`--bootstrapConf <file>` The bootstrap.conf file to persist root key and to optionally provide any configuration for the protection scheme.

- `-S`,`--protectionScheme <protectionScheme>` Selects the protection scheme for encrypted properties. Valid values are: [AES_GCM, HASHICORP_VAULT_TRANSIT, HASHICORP_VAULT_KV, AWS_KMS, AWS_SECRETSMANAGER, AZURE_KEYVAULT_KEY, AZURE_KEYVAULT_SECRET, GCP_KMS] (default is AES_GCM)

- `-k`,`--key <keyhex>` The raw hexadecimal key to use to encrypt the sensitive properties

- `-e`,`--oldKey <keyhex>` The old raw hexadecimal key to use during key migration

- `-H`,`--oldProtectionScheme <protectionScheme>` The old protection scheme to use during encryption migration (see --protectionScheme for possible values). Default is AES_GCM

- `-p`,`--password <password>` The password from which to derive the key to use to encrypt the sensitive properties

- `-w`,`--oldPassword <password>` The old password from which to derive the key during migration

- `-r`,`--useRawKey` If provided, the secure console will prompt for the raw key value in hexadecimal form

- `-m`,`--migrate` If provided, the nifi.properties and/or login-identity-providers.xml sensitive properties will be re-encrypted with the new scheme

- `-x`,`--encryptFlowXmlOnly` If provided, the properties in flow.xml.gz will be re-encrypted with a new key but the nifi.properties and/or login-identity-providers.xml files will not be modified

- `-s`,`--propsKey <password|keyhex>` The password or key to use to encrypt the sensitive processor properties in flow.xml.gz

- `-A`,`--newFlowAlgorithm <algorithm>` The algorithm to use to encrypt the sensitive processor properties in flow.xml.gz

- `-P`,`--newFlowProvider <algorithm>` The security provider to use to encrypt the sensitive processor properties in flow.xml.gz

- `-c`,`--translateCli` Translates the nifi.properties file to a format suitable for the NiFi CLI tool

#### NiFi Registry

The following are available options when targeting NiFi Registry using the `--nifiRegistry` flag:

- `-h`,`--help` Show usage information (this message)

- `-v`,`--verbose` Sets verbose mode (default false)

- `-p`,`--password <password>` Protect the files using a password-derived key. If an argument is not provided to this flag, interactive mode will be triggered to prompt the user to enter the password.

- `-k`,`--key <keyhex>` Protect the files using a raw hexadecimal key. If an argument is not provided to this flag, interactive mode will be triggered to prompt the user to enter the key.

- `-S`,`--protectionScheme <protectionScheme>` Selects the protection scheme for encrypted properties. Valid values are: [AES_GCM, HASHICORP_VAULT_TRANSIT, HASHICORP_VAULT_KV, AWS_KMS, AWS_SECRETSMANAGER, AZURE_KEYVAULT_KEY, AZURE_KEYVAULT_SECRET, GCP_KMS] (default is AES_GCM)

- `--oldPassword <password>` If the input files are already protected using a password-derived key, this specifies the old password so that the files can be unprotected before re-protecting.

- `--oldKey <keyhex>` If the input files are already protected using a key, this specifies the raw hexadecimal key so that the files can be unprotected before re-protecting.

- `-H`,`--oldProtectionScheme <protectionScheme>`The old protection scheme to use during encryption migration (see --protectionScheme for possible values). Default is AES_GCM.

- `-b`,`--bootstrapConf <file>` The bootstrap.conf file containing no root key or an existing root key, and any other protection scheme configuration properties. If a new password or key is specified (using -p or -k) and no output bootstrap.conf file is specified, then this file will be overwritten to persist the new master key.

- `-B`,`--outputBootstrapConf <file>` The destination bootstrap.conf file to persist root key. If specified, the input bootstrap.conf will not be modified.

- `-r`,`--nifiRegistryProperties <file>` The nifi-registry.properties file containing unprotected config values, overwritten if no output file specified.

- `-R`,`--outputNifiRegistryProperties <file>` The destination nifi-registry.properties file containing protected config values.

- `-a`,`--authorizersXml <file>` The authorizers.xml file containing unprotected config values, overwritten if no output file specified.

- `-A`,`--outputAuthorizersXml <file>` The destination authorizers.xml file containing protected config values.

- `-i`,`--identityProvidersXml <file>` The identity-providers.xml file containing unprotected config values, overwritten if no output file specified.

- `-I`,`--outputIdentityProvidersXml <file>` The destination identity-providers.xml file containing protected config values.

- `--decrypt` Can be used with `-r` to decrypt a previously encrypted NiFi Registry Properties file. Decrypted content is printed to STDOUT.

### Protection Schemes

The protection scheme can be selected during encryption using the `--protectionScheme` flag. During migration, the former protection scheme is specified using the `--oldProtectionScheme` flag. This distinction allows a set of protected configuration files to be migrated not only to a new key, but to a completely different protection scheme.

#### AES_GCM

The default protection scheme, `AES-G/CM` simply encrypts sensitive properties and marks their protection as either `aes/gcm/256` or `aes/gcm/256` as appropriate. This protection is all done within NiFi itself.

#### HASHICORP_VAULT_TRANSIT

This protection scheme uses HashiCorp Vault Transit Secrets Engine to outsource encryption to a configured Vault server. All HashiCorp Vault configuration is stored in the `bootstrap-hashicorp-vault.conf` file, as referenced in the `bootstrap.conf` of a NiFi or NiFi Registry instance. Therefore, when using the HASHICORP_VAULT_TRANSIT protection scheme, the `nifi(.registry)?.bootstrap.protection.hashicorp.vault.conf` property in the `bootstrap.conf` specified using the `-b` flag must be available to the Encrypt Configuration Tool and must be configured as described in the HashiCorp Vault providers section in the NiFi Administration Guide.

#### HASHICORP_VAULT_KV

This protection scheme uses HashiCorp Vault Key Value Secrets Engine Version 1 to store sensitive values as Vault Secrets. All HashiCorp Vault configuration is stored in the `bootstrap-hashicorp-vault.conf` file, as referenced in the `bootstrap.conf` of a NiFi or NiFi Registry instance. Therefore, when using the HASHICORP_VAULT_KV protection scheme, the `nifi(.registry)?.bootstrap.protection.hashicorp.vault.conf` property in the `bootstrap.conf` specified using the `-b` flag must be available to the Encrypt Configuration Tool and must be configured as described in the HashiCorp Vault providers section in the NiFi Administration Guide.

#### AWS_KMS

This protection scheme uses AWS Key Management Service for encryption and decryption. AWS KMS configuration properties can be stored in the `bootstrap-aws.conf` file, as referenced in the `bootstrap.conf` of NiFi or NiFi Registry. If the configuration properties are not specified in `bootstrap-aws.conf`, then the provider will attempt to use the AWS default credentials provider, which checks standard environment variables and system properties. Therefore, when using the AWS_KMS protection scheme, the `nifi(.registry)?.bootstrap.protection.aws.conf` property in the `bootstrap.conf` specified using the `-b` flag must be available to the Encrypt Configuration Tool and must be configured as described in the AWS KMS provider section in the NiFi Administration Guide.

#### AWS_SECRETSMANAGER

This protection scheme uses AWS Secrets Manager Service to store sensitive values as AWS Secrets. AWS Secrets Manager configuration properties can be stored in the `bootstrap-aws.conf` file, as referenced in the `bootstrap.conf` of NiFi or NiFi Registry. If the configuration properties are not specified in `bootstrap-aws.conf`, then the provider will attempt to use the AWS default credentials provider, which checks standard environment variables and system properties. Therefore, when using the AWS_SECRETS_MANAGER protection scheme, the `nifi(.registry)?.bootstrap.protection.aws.conf` property in the `bootstrap.conf` specified using the `-b` flag must be available to the Encrypt Configuration Tool and must be configured as described in the AWS Secrets Manager provider section in the NiFi Administration Guide.

#### Microsoft Azure Key Vault Sensitive Property Providers

Azure Key Vault configuration properties can be stored in the `bootstrap-azure.conf` file, as referenced in the `bootstrap.conf` of NiFi or NiFi Registry.

Azure Key Vault providers will use the DefaultAzureCredential for authentication. The Azure Identity client library describes the process for credentials resolution, which leverages environment variables, system properties, and falls back to Managed Identity authentication.

When using Azure Key Vault providers, `bootstrap.conf` must contain the `nifi.bootstrap.protection.azure.keyvault.conf` property. The `bootstrap.conf` file location must be specified using the `-b` argument when running the Encrypt Config Tool.

##### AZURE_KEYVAULT_KEY

This protection scheme uses keys managed by Azure Key Vault Keys for encryption and decryption.

See Azure Key Vault Key Provider in the NiFi System Administrator’s Guide for required properties.

##### AZURE_KEYVAULT_SECRET

This protection scheme uses secrets managed by Azure Key Vault Secrets for storing and retrieving sensitive property values.

See Azure Key Vault Secret Provider in the NiFi System Administrator’s Guide for required properties.

#### GCP_KMS

This protection scheme uses Google Cloud Key Management Service (Google Cloud Key Management Service) for encryption and decryption. Google Cloud KMS configuration properties are to be stored in the `bootstrap-gcp.conf` file, as referenced in the `bootstrap.conf` of NiFi or NiFi Registry. Credentials must be configured as per the following documentation: Google Cloud KMS documentation. Therefore, when using the GCP_KMS protection scheme, the `nifi(.registry)?.bootstrap.protection.gcp.kms.conf` property in the `bootstrap.conf` specified using the `-b` flag must be available to the Encrypt Configuration Tool and must be configured as described in the Google Cloud KMS provider section in the NiFi Administration Guide.

### Examples

#### NiFi

As an example of how the tool works, assume that you have installed the tool on a machine supporting 256-bit encryption and with the following existing values in the nifi.properties file:

    # security properties #
    nifi.sensitive.props.key=thisIsABadSensitiveKeyPassword
    nifi.sensitive.props.algorithm=NIFI_PBKDF2_AES_GCM_256
    nifi.sensitive.props.additional.keys=

    nifi.security.keystore=/path/to/keystore.jks
    nifi.security.keystoreType=JKS
    nifi.security.keystorePasswd=thisIsABadKeystorePassword
    nifi.security.keyPasswd=thisIsABadKeyPassword
    nifi.security.truststore=
    nifi.security.truststoreType=
    nifi.security.truststorePasswd=

Enter the following arguments when using the tool:

    encrypt-config.sh \
    -b bootstrap.conf \
    -k 0123456789ABCDEFFEDCBA98765432100123456789ABCDEFFEDCBA9876543210 \
    -n nifi.properties

As a result, the nifi.properties file is overwritten with protected properties and sibling encryption identifiers (`aes/gcm/256`, the currently supported algorithm):

    # security properties #
    nifi.sensitive.props.key=n2z+tTTbHuZ4V4V2||uWhdasyDXD4ZG2lMAes/vqh6u4vaz4xgL4aEbF4Y/dXevqk3ulRcOwf1vc4RDQ==
    nifi.sensitive.props.key.protected=aes/gcm/256
    nifi.sensitive.props.algorithm=NIFI_PBKDF2_AES_GCM_256
    nifi.sensitive.props.additional.keys=

    nifi.security.keystore=/path/to/keystore.jks
    nifi.security.keystoreType=JKS
    nifi.security.keystorePasswd=oBjT92hIGRElIGOh||MZ6uYuWNBrOA6usq/Jt3DaD2e4otNirZDytac/w/KFe0HOkrJR03vcbo
    nifi.security.keystorePasswd.protected=aes/gcm/256
    nifi.security.keyPasswd=ac/BaE35SL/esLiJ||+ULRvRLYdIDA2VqpE0eQXDEMjaLBMG2kbKOdOwBk/hGebDKlVg==
    nifi.security.keyPasswd.protected=aes/gcm/256
    nifi.security.truststore=
    nifi.security.truststoreType=
    nifi.security.truststorePasswd=

Additionally, the bootstrap.conf file is updated with the encryption key as follows:

    # Root key in hexadecimal format for encrypted sensitive configuration values
    nifi.bootstrap.sensitive.key=0123456789ABCDEFFEDCBA98765432100123456789ABCDEFFEDCBA9876543210

Sensitive configuration values are encrypted by the tool by default, however you can encrypt any additional properties, if desired. To encrypt additional properties, specify them as comma-separated values in the `nifi.sensitive.props.additional.keys` property.

If the nifi.properties file already has valid protected values, those property values are not modified by the tool.

When applied to login-identity-providers.xml and authorizers.xml, the property elements are updated with an `encryption` attribute:

Example of protected login-identity-providers.xml:

       <!-- LDAP Provider -->
       <provider>
           <identifier>ldap-provider</identifier>
           <class>org.apache.nifi.ldap.LdapProvider</class>
           <property name="Authentication Strategy">START_TLS</property>
           <property name="Manager DN">someuser</property>
           <property name="Manager Password" encryption="aes/gcm/128">q4r7WIgN0MaxdAKM||SGgdCTPGSFEcuH4RraMYEdeyVbOx93abdWTVSWvh1w+klA</property>
           <property name="TLS - Keystore"></property>
           <property name="TLS - Keystore Password" encryption="aes/gcm/128">Uah59TWX+Ru5GY5p||B44RT/LJtC08QWA5ehQf01JxIpf0qSJUzug25UwkF5a50g</property>
           <property name="TLS - Keystore Type"></property>
           ...
       </provider>

Example of protected authorizers.xml:

       <!-- LDAP User Group Provider -->
       <userGroupProvider>
           <identifier>ldap-user-group-provider</identifier>
           <class>org.apache.nifi.ldap.tenants.LdapUserGroupProvider</class>
           <property name="Authentication Strategy">START_TLS</property>
           <property name="Manager DN">someuser</property>
           <property name="Manager Password" encryption="aes/gcm/128">q4r7WIgN0MaxdAKM||SGgdCTPGSFEcuH4RraMYEdeyVbOx93abdWTVSWvh1w+klA</property>
           <property name="TLS - Keystore"></property>
           <property name="TLS - Keystore Password" encryption="aes/gcm/128">Uah59TWX+Ru5GY5p||B44RT/LJtC08QWA5ehQf01JxIpf0qSJUzug25UwkF5a50g</property>
           <property name="TLS - Keystore Type"></property>
           ...
       </userGroupProvider>

#### NiFi Registry

As an example of how the tool works, assume that you have installed the tool on a machine supporting 256-bit encryption and with the following existing values in the nifi-registry.properties file:

    # security properties #
    nifi.registry.security.keystore=/path/to/keystore.jks
    nifi.registry.security.keystoreType=JKS
    nifi.registry.security.keystorePasswd=thisIsABadKeystorePassword
    nifi.registry.security.keyPasswd=thisIsABadKeyPassword
    nifi.registry.security.truststore=
    nifi.registry.security.truststoreType=
    nifi.registry.security.truststorePasswd=

Enter the following arguments when using the tool:

    ./bin/encrypt-config.sh --nifiRegistry \
    -b bootstrap.conf \
    -k 0123456789ABCDEFFEDCBA98765432100123456789ABCDEFFEDCBA9876543210 \
    -r nifi-registry.properties

As a result, the nifi-registry.properties file is overwritten with protected properties and sibling encryption identifiers (`aes/gcm/256`, the currently supported algorithm):

    # security properties #
    nifi.registry.security.keystore=/path/to/keystore.jks
    nifi.registry.security.keystoreType=JKS
    nifi.registry.security.keystorePasswd=oBjT92hIGRElIGOh||MZ6uYuWNBrOA6usq/Jt3DaD2e4otNirZDytac/w/KFe0HOkrJR03vcbo
    nifi.registry.security.keystorePasswd.protected=aes/gcm/256
    nifi.registry.security.keyPasswd=ac/BaE35SL/esLiJ||+ULRvRLYdIDA2VqpE0eQXDEMjaLBMG2kbKOdOwBk/hGebDKlVg==
    nifi.registry.security.keyPasswd.protected=aes/gcm/256
    nifi.registry.security.truststore=
    nifi.registry.security.truststoreType=
    nifi.registry.security.truststorePasswd=

When applied to identity-providers.xml or authorizers.xml, the property elements are updated with an `encryption` attribute. For example:

    <!-- LDAP Provider -->
    <provider>
       <identifier>ldap-provider</identifier>
       <class>org.apache.nifi.registry.security.ldap.LdapProvider</class>
       <property name="Authentication Strategy">START_TLS</property>
       <property name="Manager DN">someuser</property>
       <property name="Manager Password" encryption="aes/gcm/128">q4r7WIgN0MaxdAKM||SGgdCTPGSFEcuH4RraMYEdeyVbOx93abdWTVSWvh1w+klA</property>
       <property name="TLS - Keystore">/path/to/keystore.jks</property>
       <property name="TLS - Keystore Password" encryption="aes/gcm/128">Uah59TWX+Ru5GY5p||B44RT/LJtC08QWA5ehQf01JxIpf0qSJUzug25UwkF5a50g</property>
       <property name="TLS - Keystore Type">JKS</property>
       ...
    </provider>

Additionally, the bootstrap.conf file is updated with the encryption key as follows:

    # Root key in hexadecimal format for encrypted sensitive configuration values
    nifi.registry.bootstrap.sensitive.key=0123456789ABCDEFFEDCBA98765432100123456789ABCDEFFEDCBA9876543210

Sensitive configuration values are encrypted by the tool by default, however you can encrypt any additional properties, if desired. To encrypt additional properties, specify them as comma-separated values in the `nifi.registry.sensitive.props.additional.keys` property.

If the nifi-registry.properties file already has valid protected values and you wish to protect additional values using the same root key already present in your bootstrap.conf, then run the tool without specifying a new key:

    # bootstrap.conf already contains root key property
    # nifi-registy.properties has been updated for nifi.registry.sensitive.props.additional.keys=...

    ./bin/encrypt-config.sh --nifiRegistry -b bootstrap.conf -r nifi-registry.properties

### Sensitive Property Key Migration

In order to change the key used to encrypt the sensitive values, provide the new key or password using the `-k` or `-p` flags as usual, and provide the existing key or password using `--old-key` or `--old-password` respectively. This will allow the toolkit to decrypt the existing values and re-encrypt them, and update bootstrap.conf with the new key. Only one of the key or password needs to be specified for each phase (old vs. new), and any combination is sufficient:

- old key → new key

- old key → new password

- old password → new key

- old password → new password

In order to change the protection scheme (e.g., migrating from AES encryption to Vault encryption), specify the `--protectionScheme` and `--oldProtectionScheme` in the migration command.

The following is an example of the commands for protection scheme migration from AES_GCM to AWS_KMS then back. Execute these commands at the `nifi` directory with the `nifi-toolkit` directory as a sibling directory. In addition, make sure to update `bootstrap-aws.conf` with your AWS KMS Key ARN/ID and have your credentials and region configured.

This command encrypts nifi.properties with the AES_GCM protection scheme

    ./../nifi-toolkit-*-SNAPSHOT/bin/encrypt-config.sh \
    -b conf/bootstrap.conf \
    -n conf/nifi.properties \
    -k 0123456789ABCDEFFEDCBA98765432100123456789ABCDEFFEDCBA9876543210 \
    -v

This command migrates nifi.properties from using AES_GCM to using AWS_KMS protection scheme

    ./../nifi-toolkit-*-SNAPSHOT/bin/encrypt-config.sh \
    -b conf/bootstrap.conf \
    -n conf/nifi.properties \
    -S AWS_KMS \
    -H AES_GCM \
    -e 0123456789ABCDEFFEDCBA98765432100123456789ABCDEFFEDCBA9876543210 \
    -m \
    -v

This command migrates nifi.properties back from AWS_KMS to AES_GCM protection scheme

    ./../nifi-toolkit-*-SNAPSHOT/bin/encrypt-config.sh \
    -b conf/bootstrap.conf \
    -n conf/nifi.properties \
    -S AES_GCM \
    -k 0123456789ABCDEFFEDCBA98765432100123456789ABCDEFFEDCBA9876543210 \
    -H AWS_KMS \
    -m \
    -v

## File Manager

The File Manager utility (invoked as `./bin/file-manager.sh` or `bin\file-manager.bat`) allows system administrators to take a backup of an existing NiFi installation, install a new version of NiFi in a designated location (while migrating any previous configuration settings) or restore an installation from a previous backup. File Manager supports NiFi version 1.0.0 and higher.

### Usage

To show help:

    ./bin/file-manager.sh -h

The following are available options:

- `-b`,`--backupDir <arg>` Backup NiFi Directory (used with backup or restore operation)

- `-c`,`--nifiCurrentDir <arg>` Current NiFi Installation Directory (used optionally with install or restore operation)

- `-d`,`--nifiInstallDir <arg>` NiFi Installation Directory (used with install or restore operation)

- `-h`,`--help` Print help info (optional)

- `-i`,`--installFile <arg>` NiFi Install File (used with install operation)

- `-m`,`--moveRepositories` Allow repositories to be moved to new/restored nifi directory from existing installation, if available (used optionally with install or restore operation)

- `-o`,`--operation <arg>` File operation (install | backup | restore)

- `-r`,`--nifiRollbackDir <arg>` NiFi Installation Directory (used with install or restore operation)

- `-t`,`--bootstrapConf <arg>` Current NiFi Bootstrap Configuration File (used optionally)

- `-v`,`--verbose` Verbose messaging (optional)

- `-x`,`--overwriteConfigs` Overwrite existing configuration directory with upgrade changes (used optionally with install or restore operation)

Example usage on Linux:

    # backup NiFi installation
    # option -t may be provided to ensure backup of external boostrap.conf file
    ./file-manager.sh
    -o backup
    –b /tmp/nifi_bak
    –c /usr/nifi_old
    -v

    # install NiFi using compressed tar file into /usr/nifi directory (should install as /usr/nifi/nifi-1.3.0).
    # migrate existing configurations with location determined by external bootstrap.conf and move over repositories from nifi_old
    # options -t and -c should both be provided if migration of configurations, state and repositories are required
    ./file-manager.sh
    -o install
    –i nifi-1.3.0.tar.gz
    –d /usr/nifi
    –c /usr/nifi/nifi_old
    -t /usr/nifi/old_conf/bootstrap.conf
    -v
    -m

    # restore NiFi installation from backup directory and move back repositories
    # option -t may be provided to ensure bootstrap.conf is restored to the file path provided, otherwise it is placed in the
    # default directory under the rollback path (e.g. /usr/nifi_old/conf)
    ./file-manager.sh
    -o restore
    –b /tmp/nifi_bak
    –r /usr/nifi_old
    –c /usr/nifi
    -m
    -v

### Expected Behavior

#### Backup

During the backup operation a backup directory is created in a designated location for an existing NiFi installation. Backups will capture all critical files (including any internal or external configurations, libraries, scripts and documents) however it excludes backing up repositories and logs due to potential size. If configuration/library files are external from the existing installation folder the backup operation will capture those as well.

#### Install

During the install operation File Manager will perform installation using the designated NiFi binary file (either tar.gz or zip file) to create a new installation or migrate an existing nifi installation to a new one. Installation can optionally move repositories (if located within the configuration folder of the current installation) to the new installation as well as migrate configuration files to the newer installation.

#### Restore

The restore operation allows an existing installation to revert back to a previous installation. Using an existing backup directory (created from the backup operation) the FileManager utility will restore libraries, scripts and documents as well as revert to previous configurations.

| If repositories were changed due to the installation of a newer version of NiFi these may no longer be compatible during restore. In that scenario exclude the `-m` option to ensure new repositories will be created or, if repositories live outside of the NiFi directory, remove them so they can be recreated on startup after restore.

## Flow Analyzer

The `flow-analyzer` tool (invoked as `./bin/flow-analyzer.sh` or `bin\flow-analyzer.bat`) analyzes the flow.xml.gz file and reports:

- Total Bytes Utilized by the System

- Min/Max Back Pressure Size

- Average Back Pressure Size

- Min/Max Flowfile Queue Size

- Average Flowfile Queue Size

### Usage

To execute the `flow-analyzer` tool:

    flow-analyzer.sh <path to flow.xml.gz>

Example:

    $ ./flow-analyzer.sh /Users/nifiuser/nifi-1.8.0/conf/flow.xml.gz
    Using flow=/Users/nifiuser/nifi-1.8.0/conf/flow.xml.gz
    Total Bytes Utilized by System=1518 GB
    Max Back Pressure Size=1 GB
    Min Back Pressure Size=1 GB
    Average Back Pressure Size=2.504950495 GB
    Max Flowfile Queue Size=10000
    Min Flowfile Queue Size=10000
    Avg Flowfile Queue Size=10000.000000000

## Node Manager

Node manager (invoked as `./bin/node-manager.sh` or `bin\node-manager.bat`) supports connecting, disconnecting and removing a node when in a cluster (an error message displays if the node is not part of a cluster) as well as obtaining the status of a node. When nodes are disconnected from a cluster and need to be connected or removed, a list of urls of connected nodes should be provided to send the required command to the active cluster. Node Manager supports NiFi version 1.0.0 and higher.

### Usage

To show help:

    ./bin/node-manager.sh -h

The following are available options:

- `-b`,`--bootstrapConf <arg>` Existing Bootstrap Configuration file (required)

- `-d`,`--nifiInstallDir <arg>` NiFi Root Folder (required)

- `-h`,`--help` Help Text (optional)

- `-o`, `--operation <arg>` Operations supported: status, connect (cluster), disconnect (cluster), remove (cluster)

- `-p`,`--proxyDN <arg>` Proxy or User DN (required for secured nodes doing connect, disconnect and remove operations)

- `-u`,`--clusterUrls <arg>` Comma delimited list of active urls for cluster (optional). Not required for disconnecting a node yet will be needed when connecting or removing from a cluster

- `-v`,`--verbose` Verbose messaging (optional)

To connect, disconnect, or remove a node from a cluster:

    node-manager.sh -d {$NIFI_HOME} –b { nifi bootstrap file path}
    -o {remove|disconnect|connect|status} [-u {url list}] [-p {proxy name}] [-v]

Example usage on Linux:

    # disconnect without cluster url list
    ./node-manager.sh
    -d /usr/nifi/nifi_current
    -b /usr/nifi/nifi_current/conf/bootstrap.conf
    -o disconnect
    –p ydavis@nifi
    -v

    #with url list
    ./node-manager.sh
    -d /usr/nifi/nifi_current
    -b /usr/nifi/nifi_current/conf/bootstrap.conf
    -o connect
    -u 'http://nifi-server-1:8080,http://nifi-server-2:8080'
    -v

Example usage on Windows:

    node-manager.bat
    -d "C:\\Program Files\\nifi\\nifi-1.2.0-SNAPSHOT"
    -b "C:\\Program Files\\nifi\\nifi-1.2.0-SNAPSHOT\\conf\\bootstrap.conf"
    -o disconnect
    –v

### Expected Behavior

#### Status

To obtain information on UI availability of a node, the status operation can be used to determine if the node is running. If the `–u (clusterUrls)` option is not provided the current node url is checked otherwise the urls provided will be checked.

#### Disconnect

When a node is disconnected from the cluster, the node itself should appear as disconnected and the cluster should have a bulletin indicating the disconnect request was received. The cluster should also show n-1/n nodes available in the cluster. For example, if 1 node is disconnected from a 3-node cluster, then "2 of 3" nodes should show on the remaining nodes in the cluster. Changes to the flow should not be allowed on the cluster with a disconnected node.

#### Connect

When the connect command is executed to reconnect a node to a cluster, upon completion the node itself should show that it has rejoined the cluster by showing n/n nodes. Previously it would have shown Disconnected. Other nodes in the cluster should receive a bulletin of the connect request and also show n/n nodes allowing for changes to be allowed to the flow.

#### Remove

When the remove command is executed the node should show as disconnected from a cluster. The nodes remaining in the cluster should show n-1/n-1 nodes. For example, if 1 node is removed from a 3-node cluster, then the remaining 2 nodes should show "2 of 2" nodes. The cluster should allow a flow to be adjusted. The removed node can rejoin the cluster if restarted and the flow for the cluster has not changed. If the flow was changed, the flow template of the removed node should be deleted before restarting the node to allow it to obtain the cluster flow (otherwise an uninheritable flow file exception may occur).

## Notify

Notify (invoked as `./bin/notify.sh` or `bin\notify.bat`) allows administrators to send messages as bulletins to NiFi. Notify is supported on NiFi version 1.2.0 and higher.

### Usage

To show help:

    ./bin/notify.sh -h

The following are available options:

- `-b`,`--bootstrapConf <arg>` Existing Bootstrap Configuration file (required)

- `-d`,`--nifiInstallDir <arg>` NiFi Root Folder (required)

- `-h`,`--help` Help Text (optional)

- `-l`,`--level <arg>` Status level of bulletin – `INFO`, `WARN`, `ERROR`

- `-m`,`--message <arg>` Bulletin message (required)

- `-p`,`--proxyDN <arg>` Proxy or User DN (required for secured nodes)

- `-v`,`--verbose` Verbose messaging (optional)

To send notifications:

    notify.sh -d {$NIFI_HOME} –b {nifi bootstrap file path} -m {message} [-l {level}] [-v]

Example usage on Linux:

    ./notify.sh -d /usr/nifi/nifi_current -b /usr/nifi/nifi_current/conf/bootstrap.conf -m "Test Message Server 1" -l "WARN" –p “ydavis@nifi” -v

Example usage on Windows:

    notify.bat -v -d "C:\\Program Files\\nifi\\nifi-1.2.0-SNAPSHOT" -b "C:\\Program Files\\nifi\\nifi-1.2.0-SNAPSHOT\\conf\\bootstrap.conf" -m "Test Message Server 1" -v

Executing the above command line should result in a bulletin appearing in NiFi:

## S2S

S2S is a command line tool (invoked as `./bin/s2s.sh` or `bin\s2s.bat`) that can either read a list of DataPackets from stdin to send over site-to-site or write the received DataPackets to stdout.

### Usage

To show help:

    ./bin/s2s.sh -h

The following are available options:

- `--batchCount <arg>` Number of flow files in a batch

- `--batchDuration <arg>` Duration of a batch

- `--batchSize <arg>` Size of flow files in a batch

- `-c`,`--compression` Use compression

- `-d`,`--direction` Direction (valid directions: `SEND`, `RECEIVE`) (default: `SEND`)

- `-h`,`--help` Help Text (optional)

- `-i`,`--portIdentifier <arg>` Port id

- `--keystore <arg>` Keystore

- `--keyStorePassword <arg>` Keystore password

- `--keyStoreType <arg>` Keystore type (default: `JKS`)

- `-n`,`--portName` Port name

- `-p`,`--transportProtocol` Site to site transport protocol (default: `RAW`)

- `--peerPersistenceFile <arg>` File to write peer information to so it can be recovered on restart

- `--penalization <arg>` Penalization period

- `--proxyHost <arg>` Proxy hostname

- `--proxyPassword <arg>` Proxy password

- `--proxyPort <arg>` Proxy port

- `--proxyUsername <arg>` Proxy username

- `--timeout <arg>` Timeout

- `--trustStore <arg>` Truststore

- `--trustStorePassword <arg>` Truststore password

- `--trustStoreType <arg>` Truststore type (default: `JKS`)

- `-u,--url <arg>` NiFI URL to connect to (default: `http://localhost:8080/nifi`)

The s2s cli input/output format is a JSON list of DataPackets. They can have the following formats:

    [{"attributes":{"key":"value"},"data":"aGVsbG8gbmlmaQ=="}]

where data is the base64 encoded value of the FlowFile content (always used for received data) or:

    [{"attributes":{"key":"value"},"dataFile":"/Users/pvillard/Documents/GitHub/nifi/nifi-toolkit/nifi-toolkit-assembly/target/nifi-toolkit-1.9.0-SNAPSHOT-bin/nifi-toolkit-1.9.0-SNAPSHOT/bin/EXAMPLE"}]

where dataFile is a file to read the FlowFile content from.

Example usage to send a FlowFile with the contents of "hey nifi" to a local unsecured NiFi over http with an input port named "input":

    echo '[{"data":"aGV5IG5pZmk="}]' | bin/s2s.sh -n input -p http

## TLS Toolkit

In order to facilitate the secure setup of NiFi, you can use the `tls-toolkit` command line utility to automatically generate the required keystores, truststore, and relevant configuration files. This is especially useful for securing multiple NiFi nodes, which can be a tedious and error-prone process.

| Please note that there are new requirements for trusted certificates in macOS 10.15. Details can be found here, but of particular importance is that all TLS server certificates issued after July 1, 2019 must have a validity period of 825 days or less.

### Wildcard Certificates

Wildcard certificates (i.e. two nodes `node1.nifi.apache.org` and `node2.nifi.apache.org` being assigned the same certificate with a CN or SAN entry of `*.nifi.apache.org`) are not officially supported and not recommended. There are numerous disadvantages to using wildcard certificates, and a cluster working with wildcard certificates has occurred in previous versions out of lucky accidents, not intentional support. Wildcard SAN entries are acceptable if each cert maintains an additional unique SAN entry and CN entry.

#### Potential issues with wildcard certificates

- In many places throughout the codebase, cluster communications use certificate identities many times to identify a node, and if the certificate simply presents a wildcard DN, that doesn’t resolve to a specific node

- Admins may need to provide a custom node identity in authorizers.xml for `*.nifi.apache.org` because all proxy actions only resolve to the cert DN (see the User Authentication section in the System Administrator’s Guide for more information).

- Admins have no traceability into which node performed an action because they all resolve to the same DN

- Admins running multiple instances on the same machine using different ports to identify them can accidentally put `node1` hostname with `node2` port, and the address will resolve fine because it’s using the same certificate, but the host header handler will block it because the `node1` hostname is (correctly) not listed as an acceptable host for `node2` instance

- If the wildcard certificate is compromised, all nodes are compromised

| JKS keystores and truststores are recommended for NiFi. This tool allows the specification of other keystore types on the command line but will ignore a type of PKCS12 for use as the truststore because that format has some compatibility issues between BouncyCastle and Oracle implementations.

### Operation Modes

The `tls-toolkit` command line tool has two primary modes of operation:

1. Standalone — generates the certificate authority, keystores, truststores, and nifi.properties files in one command.

2. Client/Server — uses a Certificate Authority Server that accepts Certificate Signing Requests from clients, signs them, and sends the resulting certificates back. Both client and server validate the other’s identity through a shared secret.

#### Standalone

Standalone mode is invoked by running `./bin/tls-toolkit.sh standalone` or `bin\tls-toolkit.sh standalone`.

##### Usage

To show help:

    ./bin/tls-toolkit.sh standalone -h

The following are available options:

- `-a`,`--keyAlgorithm <arg>` Algorithm to use for generated keys (default: `RSA`)

- `--additionalCACertificate <arg>` Path to additional CA certificate (used to sign toolkit CA certificate) in PEM format if necessary

- `-B`,`--clientCertPassword <arg>` Password for client certificate. Must either be one value or one for each client DN (auto-generate if not specified)

- `-c`,`--certificateAuthorityHostname <arg>` Hostname of NiFi Certificate Authority (default: `localhost`)

- `-C`,`--clientCertDn <arg>` Generate client certificate suitable for use in browser with specified DN (Can be specified multiple times)

- `-d`,`--days <arg>` Number of days issued certificate should be valid for (default: `825`)

- `-f`,`--nifiPropertiesFile <arg>` Base nifi.properties file to update (Embedded file identical to the one in a default NiFi install will be used if not specified)

- `-g`,`--differentKeyAndKeystorePasswords` Use different generated password for the key and the keystore

- `-G`,`--globalPortSequence <arg>` Use sequential ports that are calculated for all hosts according to the provided hostname expressions (Can be specified multiple times, MUST BE SAME FROM RUN TO RUN)

- `-h`,`--help` Print help and exit

- `-k`,`--keySize <arg>` Number of bits for generated keys (default: `2048`)

- `-K`,`--keyPassword <arg>` Key password to use. Must either be one value or one for each host (auto-generate if not specified)

- `-n`,`--hostnames <arg>` Comma separated list of hostnames

- `--nifiDnPrefix <arg>` String to prepend to hostname(s) when determining DN (default: `CN=`)

- `--nifiDnSuffix <arg>` String to append to hostname(s) when determining DN (default: `, OU=NIFI`)

- `-o`,`--outputDirectory <arg>` The directory to output keystores, truststore, config files (default: `../bin`)

- `-O`,`--isOverwrite` Overwrite existing host output

- `-P`,`--trustStorePassword <arg>` Keystore password to use. Must either be one value or one for each host (auto-generate if not specified)

- `-s`,`--signingAlgorithm <arg>` Algorithm to use for signing certificates (default: `SHA256WITHRSA`)

- `-S`,`--keyStorePassword <arg>` Keystore password to use. Must either be one value or one for each host (auto-generate if not specified)

- `--subjectAlternativeNames <arg>` Comma-separated list of domains to use as Subject Alternative Names in the certificate

- `-T`,`--keyStoreType <arg>` The type of keystores to generate (default: `jks`)

"Hostname" and "Subject Alternative Name" Patterns:

- Square brackets can be used in order to easily specify a range of hostnames or subject alternative names. Example: `[01-20]`

- Parentheses can be used in order to specify that more than one NiFi instance will run on the given host(s). Example: `(5)`

Examples:

Create 4 sets of keystore, truststore, nifi.properties for localhost along with a client certificate with the given DN:

    bin/tls-toolkit.sh standalone -n 'localhost(4)' -C 'CN=username,OU=NIFI'

Create keystore, truststore, nifi.properties for 10 NiFi hostnames in each of 4 subdomains:

    bin/tls-toolkit.sh standalone -n 'nifi[01-10].subdomain[1-4].domain'

Create 2 sets of keystore, truststore, nifi.properties for 10 NiFi hostnames in each of 4 subdomains along with a client certificate with the given DN:

    bin/tls-toolkit.sh standalone -n 'nifi[01-10].subdomain[1-4].domain(2)' -C 'CN=username,OU=NIFI'

The same command with a range of subject alternate names:

    bin/tls-toolkit.sh standalone -n 'nifi[01-10].subdomain[1-4].domain(2)' -C 'CN=username,OU=NIFI' --subjectAlternativeNames 'nifi[21-30].other[2-5].example.com(2)'

#### Client/Server

Client/Server mode relies on a long-running Certificate Authority (CA) to issue certificates. The CA can be stopped when you’re not bringing nodes online.

##### Server

CA server mode is invoked by running `./bin/tls-toolkit.sh server` or `bin\tls-toolkit.sh server`.

###### Usage

To show help:

    ./bin/tls-toolkit.sh server -h

The following are available options:

- `-a`,`--keyAlgorithm <arg>` Algorithm to use for generated keys (default: `RSA`)

- `--configJsonIn <arg>` The place to read configuration info from (defaults to the value of configJson), implies useConfigJson if set (default: `configJson` value)

- `-d`,`--days <arg>` Number of days issued certificate should be valid for (default: `825`)

- `-D`,`--dn <arg>` The dn to use for the CA certificate (default: `CN=YOUR_CA_HOSTNAME,OU=NIFI`)

- `-f`,`--configJson <arg>` The place to write configuration info (default: `config.json`)

- `-F`,`--useConfigJson` Flag specifying that all configuration is read from `configJson` to facilitate automated use (otherwise `configJson` will only be written to)

- `-g`,`--differentKeyAndKeystorePasswords` Use different generated password for the key and the keystore

- `-h`,`--help` Print help and exit

- `-k`,`--keySize <arg>` Number of bits for generated keys (default: `2048`)

- `-p`,`--PORT <arg>` The port for the Certificate Authority to listen on (default: `9443`)

- `-s`,`--signingAlgorithm <arg>` Algorithm to use for signing certificates (default: `SHA256WITHRSA`)

- `-T`,`--keyStoreType <arg>` The type of keystores to generate (default: `jks`)

- `-t`,`--token <arg>` The token to use to prevent MITM (required and must be same as one used by clients)

##### Client

The client can be used to request new Certificates from the CA. The client utility generates a keypair and Certificate Signing Request (CSR) and sends the CSR to the Certificate Authority. CA client mode is invoked by running `./bin/tls-toolkit.sh client` or `bin\tls-toolkit.sh client`.

###### Usage

To show help:

    ./bin/tls-toolkit.sh client -h

The following are available options:

- `-a`,`--keyAlgorithm <arg>` Algorithm to use for generated keys (default: `RSA`)

- `-c`,`--certificateAuthorityHostname <arg>` Hostname of NiFi Certificate Authority (default: `localhost`)

- `-C`,`--certificateDirectory <arg>` The directory to write the CA certificate (default: `.`)

- `--configJsonIn <arg>` The place to read configuration info from, implies `useConfigJson` if set (default: `configJson` value)

- `-D`,`--dn <arg>` The DN to use for the client certificate (default: `CN=<localhost name>,OU=NIFI`) (this is auto-populated by the tool)

- `-f`,`--configJson <arg>` The place to write configuration info (default: `config.json`)

- `-F`,`--useConfigJson` Flag specifying that all configuration is read from `configJson` to facilitate automated use (otherwise `configJson` will only be written to)

- `-g`,`--differentKeyAndKeystorePasswords` Use different generated password for the key and the keystore

- `-h`,`--help` Print help and exit

- `-k`,`--keySize <arg>` Number of bits for generated keys (default: `2048`)

- `-p`,`--PORT <arg>` The port to use to communicate with the Certificate Authority (default: `9443`)

- `--subjectAlternativeNames <arg>` Comma-separated list of domains to use as Subject Alternative Names in the certificate

- `-T`,`--keyStoreType <arg>` The type of keystores to generate (default: `jks`)

- `-t`,`--token <arg>` The token to use to prevent MITM (required and must be same as one used by CA)

After running the client you will have the CA’s certificate, a keystore, a truststore, and a `config.json` with information about them as well as their passwords.

For a client certificate that can be easily imported into the browser, specify: `-T PKCS12`.

### Using An Existing Intermediate Certificate Authority (CA)

In some enterprise scenarios, a security/IT team may provide a signing certificate that has already been signed by the organization’s certificate authority (CA). This intermediate CA can be used to sign the node (sometimes referred to as leaf) certificates that will be installed on each NiFi node, or the client certificates used to identify users. In order to inject the existing signing certificate into the toolkit process, follow these steps:

1. Generate or obtain the signed intermediate CA keys in the following format (see additional commands below):

   - Public certificate in PEM format: `nifi-cert.pem`

   - Private key in PEM format: `nifi-key.key`

2. Place the files in the toolkit working directory. This is the directory where the tool is configured to output the signed certificates. This is not necessarily the directory where the binary is located or invoked.

   - For example, given the following scenario, the toolkit command can be run from its location as long as the output directory `-o` is `../hardcoded/`, and the existing `nifi-cert.pem` and `nifi-key.key` will be used.

     - e.g. `$ ./toolkit/bin/tls-toolkit.sh standalone -o ./hardcoded/ -n 'node4.nifi.apache.org' -P thisIsABadPassword -S thisIsABadPassword -O` will result in a new directory at `./hardcoded/node4.nifi.apache.org` with a keystore and truststore containing a certificate signed by `./hardcoded/nifi-key.key`

   - If the `-o` argument is not provided, the default working directory (`.`) must contain `nifi-cert.pem` and `nifi-key.key`

     - e.g. `$ cd ./hardcoded/ && ../toolkit/bin/tls-toolkit.sh standalone -n 'node5.nifi.apache.org' -P thisIsABadPassword -S thisIsABadPassword -O`

    # Example directory structure *before* commands above are run

    🔓 0s @ 18:07:58 $ tree -L 2
    .
    ├── hardcoded
    │   ├── CN=myusername.hardcoded_OU=NiFi.p12
    │   ├── CN=myusername.hardcoded_OU=NiFi.password
    │   ├── nifi-cert.pem
    │   ├── nifi-key.key
    │   ├── node1.nifi.apache.org
    │   ├── node2.nifi.apache.org
    │   └── node3.nifi.apache.org
    └── toolkit
        ├── LICENSE
        ├── NOTICE
        ├── README
        ├── bin
        ├── conf
        ├── docs
        └── lib

The `nifi-cert.pem` and `nifi-key.key` files should be ASCII-armored (Base64-encoded ASCII) files containing the CA public certificate and private key respectively. Here are sample files of each to show the expected format:

#### nifi-cert.pem

    # The first command shows the actual content of the encoded file, and the second parses it and shows the internal values

    .../certs $ more nifi-cert.pem
    -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
    MIIDZTCCAk2gAwIBAgIKAWTeM3kDAAAAADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFADAxMQ0wCwYD
    VQQLDAROSUZJMSAwHgYDVQQDDBduaWZpLWNhLm5pZmkuYXBhY2hlLm9yZzAeFw0x
    ODA3MjgwMDA0MzJaFw0yMTA3MjcwMDA0MzJaMDExDTALBgNVBAsMBE5JRkkxIDAe
    BgNVBAMMF25pZmktY2EubmlmaS5hcGFjaGUub3JnMIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEF
    AAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAqkVrrC+AkFbjnCpupSy84tTFDsRVUIWYj/k2pVwC145M
    3bpr0pRCzLuzovAjFCmT5L+isTvNjhionsqif07Ebd/M2psYE/Rih2MULsX6KgRe
    1nRUiBeKF08hlmSBMGDFPj39yDzE/V9edxV/KGjRqVgw/Qy0vwaS5uWdXnLDhzoV
    4/Mz7lGmYoMasZ1uexlH93jjBl1+EFL2Xoa06oLbEojJ9TKaWhpG8ietEedf7WM0
    zqBEz2kHo9ddFk9yxiCkT4SUKnDWkhwc/o6us1vEXoSw+tmufHY/A3gVihjWPIGz
    qyLFl9JuN7CyJepkVVqTdskBG7S85G/kBlizUj5jOwIDAQABo38wfTAOBgNVHQ8B
    Af8EBAMCAf4wDAYDVR0TBAUwAwEB/zAdBgNVHQ4EFgQUKiWBKbMMQ1zUabD4gI7L
    VOWOcy0wHwYDVR0jBBgwFoAUKiWBKbMMQ1zUabD4gI7LVOWOcy0wHQYDVR0lBBYw
    FAYIKwYBBQUHAwIGCCsGAQUFBwMBMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBCwUAA4IBAQAxfHFIZLOw
    mwIqnSI/ir8f/uzDMq06APHGdhdeIKV0HR74BtK95KFg42zeXxAEFeic98PC/FPV
    tKpm2WUa1slMB+oP27cRx5Znr2+pktaqnM7f2JgMeJ8bduNH3RUkr9jwgkcJRwyC
    I4fwHC9k18aizNdOf2q2UgQXxNXaLYPe17deuNVwwrflMgeFfVrwbT2uPJTMRi1D
    FQyc6haF4vsOSSRzE6OyDoc+/1PpyPW75OeSXeVCbc3AEAvRuTZMBQvBQUqVM51e
    MDG+K3rCeieSBPOnGNrEC/PiA/CvaMXBEog+xPAw1SgYfuCz4rlM3BdRa54z3+oO
    lc8xbzd7w8Q3
    -----END CERTIFICATE-----
    .../certs $ openssl x509 -in nifi-cert.pem -text -noout
    Certificate:
        Data:
            Version: 3 (0x2)
            Serial Number:
                01:64:de:33:79:03:00:00:00:00
        Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryption
            Issuer: OU=NIFI, CN=nifi-ca.nifi.apache.org
            Validity
                Not Before: Jul 28 00:04:32 2018 GMT
                Not After : Jul 27 00:04:32 2021 GMT
            Subject: OU=NIFI, CN=nifi-ca.nifi.apache.org
            Subject Public Key Info:
                Public Key Algorithm: rsaEncryption
                    Public-Key: (2048 bit)
                    Modulus:
                        00:aa:45:6b:ac:2f:80:90:56:e3:9c:2a:6e:a5:2c:
                        bc:e2:d4:c5:0e:c4:55:50:85:98:8f:f9:36:a5:5c:
                        02:d7:8e:4c:dd:ba:6b:d2:94:42:cc:bb:b3:a2:f0:
                        23:14:29:93:e4:bf:a2:b1:3b:cd:8e:18:a8:9e:ca:
                        a2:7f:4e:c4:6d:df:cc:da:9b:18:13:f4:62:87:63:
                        14:2e:c5:fa:2a:04:5e:d6:74:54:88:17:8a:17:4f:
                        21:96:64:81:30:60:c5:3e:3d:fd:c8:3c:c4:fd:5f:
                        5e:77:15:7f:28:68:d1:a9:58:30:fd:0c:b4:bf:06:
                        92:e6:e5:9d:5e:72:c3:87:3a:15:e3:f3:33:ee:51:
                        a6:62:83:1a:b1:9d:6e:7b:19:47:f7:78:e3:06:5d:
                        7e:10:52:f6:5e:86:b4:ea:82:db:12:88:c9:f5:32:
                        9a:5a:1a:46:f2:27:ad:11:e7:5f:ed:63:34:ce:a0:
                        44:cf:69:07:a3:d7:5d:16:4f:72:c6:20:a4:4f:84:
                        94:2a:70:d6:92:1c:1c:fe:8e:ae:b3:5b:c4:5e:84:
                        b0:fa:d9:ae:7c:76:3f:03:78:15:8a:18:d6:3c:81:
                        b3:ab:22:c5:97:d2:6e:37:b0:b2:25:ea:64:55:5a:
                        93:76:c9:01:1b:b4:bc:e4:6f:e4:06:58:b3:52:3e:
                        63:3b
                    Exponent: 65537 (0x10001)
            X509v3 extensions:
                X509v3 Key Usage: critical
                    Digital Signature, Non Repudiation, Key Encipherment, Data Encipherment, Key Agreement, Certificate Sign, CRL Sign
                X509v3 Basic Constraints:
                    CA:TRUE
                X509v3 Subject Key Identifier:
                    2A:25:81:29:B3:0C:43:5C:D4:69:B0:F8:80:8E:CB:54:E5:8E:73:2D
                X509v3 Authority Key Identifier:
                    keyid:2A:25:81:29:B3:0C:43:5C:D4:69:B0:F8:80:8E:CB:54:E5:8E:73:2D

                X509v3 Extended Key Usage:
                    TLS Web Client Authentication, TLS Web Server Authentication
        Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryption
             31:7c:71:48:64:b3:b0:9b:02:2a:9d:22:3f:8a:bf:1f:fe:ec:
             c3:32:ad:3a:00:f1:c6:76:17:5e:20:a5:74:1d:1e:f8:06:d2:
             bd:e4:a1:60:e3:6c:de:5f:10:04:15:e8:9c:f7:c3:c2:fc:53:
             d5:b4:aa:66:d9:65:1a:d6:c9:4c:07:ea:0f:db:b7:11:c7:96:
             67:af:6f:a9:92:d6:aa:9c:ce:df:d8:98:0c:78:9f:1b:76:e3:
             47:dd:15:24:af:d8:f0:82:47:09:47:0c:82:23:87:f0:1c:2f:
             64:d7:c6:a2:cc:d7:4e:7f:6a:b6:52:04:17:c4:d5:da:2d:83:
             de:d7:b7:5e:b8:d5:70:c2:b7:e5:32:07:85:7d:5a:f0:6d:3d:
             ae:3c:94:cc:46:2d:43:15:0c:9c:ea:16:85:e2:fb:0e:49:24:
             73:13:a3:b2:0e:87:3e:ff:53:e9:c8:f5:bb:e4:e7:92:5d:e5:
             42:6d:cd:c0:10:0b:d1:b9:36:4c:05:0b:c1:41:4a:95:33:9d:
             5e:30:31:be:2b:7a:c2:7a:27:92:04:f3:a7:18:da:c4:0b:f3:
             e2:03:f0:af:68:c5:c1:12:88:3e:c4:f0:30:d5:28:18:7e:e0:
             b3:e2:b9:4c:dc:17:51:6b:9e:33:df:ea:0e:95:cf:31:6f:37:
             7b:c3:c4:37

#### nifi-key.key

    # The first command shows the actual content of the encoded file, and the second parses it and shows the internal values

    .../certs $ more nifi-key.key
    -----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
    MIIEpAIBAAKCAQEAqkVrrC+AkFbjnCpupSy84tTFDsRVUIWYj/k2pVwC145M3bpr
    0pRCzLuzovAjFCmT5L+isTvNjhionsqif07Ebd/M2psYE/Rih2MULsX6KgRe1nRU
    iBeKF08hlmSBMGDFPj39yDzE/V9edxV/KGjRqVgw/Qy0vwaS5uWdXnLDhzoV4/Mz
    7lGmYoMasZ1uexlH93jjBl1+EFL2Xoa06oLbEojJ9TKaWhpG8ietEedf7WM0zqBE
    z2kHo9ddFk9yxiCkT4SUKnDWkhwc/o6us1vEXoSw+tmufHY/A3gVihjWPIGzqyLF
    l9JuN7CyJepkVVqTdskBG7S85G/kBlizUj5jOwIDAQABAoIBAAdWRnV89oVBuT0Z
    dvsXGmyLzpH8U9DMcO6DRp+Jf3XaY+WKCutgCCDaVbtHrbtIr17EAzav5QOifGGb
    SbVCp6Q0aJdi5360oSpEUrJRRZ5Z4dxL1vimSwUGG+RnIEn9YYJ1GWJve+2PFnr7
    KieLnL03V6UPzxoMJnhcnJNdTp+dBwzSazVQwye2csSJlVMk49t2lxBwce7ohuh+
    9fL7G3HU5S9d08QT1brknMHahcw1SYyJd0KSjRJCB6wAxnAZmJYJ1jQCI8YICq0j
    RX2rhxEXuEMXQcaiFQXzCrmQEXreKUISDvNeu/h7YU9UvJWPZSFGnEGgnMP2XvQm
    EjK3rQECgYEA5+OkpLsiLNMHGzj72PiBkq82sTLQJ2+8udYp6PheOGkhjjXoBse5
    YynyHlQt6CnVpJQ33mQUkJ+3ils0SMFtmI3rz3udzleek1so2L2J3+CI4kt7fFCb
    FFbVXv+dLNrm+tOw68J48asyad8kEnHYq9Us+/3MLDmFJYTthkgzCpECgYEAu/ml
    lQaWaZAQcQ8UuVeasxMYoN8zMmzfrkxc8AfNwKxF9nc44ywo4nJr+u/UVRGYpRgM
    rdll5vz0Iq68qk03spaW7vDJn8hJQhkReQw1it9Fp/51r9MHzGTVarORJGa2oZ0g
    iNe8LNizD3bQ19hEvju9mn0x9Q62Q7dapVpffwsCgYEAtC1TPpQQ59dIjERom5vr
    wffWfTTIO/w8HgFkKxrgyuAVLJSCJtKFH6H1+M7bpKrsz6ZDCs+kkwMm76ASLf3t
    lD2h3mNkqHG4SzLnuBD90jB666pO1rci6FjYDap7i+DC3F4j9+vxYYXt9Aln09UV
    z94hx+LaA/rlk9OHY3EyB6ECgYBA/cCtNNjeaKv2mxM8PbjD/289d85YueHgfpCH
    gPs3iZiq7W+iw8ri+FKzMSaFvw66zgTcOtULtxulviqG6ym9umk29dOQRgxmKQqs
    gnckq6uGuOjxwJHqrlZHjQw6vLSaThxIk+aAzu+iAh+U8TZbW4ZjmrOiGdMUuJlD
    oGpyHwKBgQCRjfqQjRelYVtU7j6BD9BDbCfmipwaRNP0CuAGOVtS+UnJuaIhsXFQ
    QGEBuOnfFijIvb7YcXRL4plRYPMvDqYRNObuI6A+1xNtr000nxa/HUfzKVeI9Tsn
    9AKMWnXS8ZcfStsVf3oDFffXYRqCaWeuhpMmg9TwdXoAuwfpE5GCmw==
    -----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
    .../certs $ openssl rsa -in nifi-key.key -text -noout
    Private-Key: (2048 bit)
    modulus:
        00:aa:45:6b:ac:2f:80:90:56:e3:9c:2a:6e:a5:2c:
        bc:e2:d4:c5:0e:c4:55:50:85:98:8f:f9:36:a5:5c:
        02:d7:8e:4c:dd:ba:6b:d2:94:42:cc:bb:b3:a2:f0:
        23:14:29:93:e4:bf:a2:b1:3b:cd:8e:18:a8:9e:ca:
        a2:7f:4e:c4:6d:df:cc:da:9b:18:13:f4:62:87:63:
        14:2e:c5:fa:2a:04:5e:d6:74:54:88:17:8a:17:4f:
        21:96:64:81:30:60:c5:3e:3d:fd:c8:3c:c4:fd:5f:
        5e:77:15:7f:28:68:d1:a9:58:30:fd:0c:b4:bf:06:
        92:e6:e5:9d:5e:72:c3:87:3a:15:e3:f3:33:ee:51:
        a6:62:83:1a:b1:9d:6e:7b:19:47:f7:78:e3:06:5d:
        7e:10:52:f6:5e:86:b4:ea:82:db:12:88:c9:f5:32:
        9a:5a:1a:46:f2:27:ad:11:e7:5f:ed:63:34:ce:a0:
        44:cf:69:07:a3:d7:5d:16:4f:72:c6:20:a4:4f:84:
        94:2a:70:d6:92:1c:1c:fe:8e:ae:b3:5b:c4:5e:84:
        b0:fa:d9:ae:7c:76:3f:03:78:15:8a:18:d6:3c:81:
        b3:ab:22:c5:97:d2:6e:37:b0:b2:25:ea:64:55:5a:
        93:76:c9:01:1b:b4:bc:e4:6f:e4:06:58:b3:52:3e:
        63:3b
    publicExponent: 65537 (0x10001)
    privateExponent:
        07:56:46:75:7c:f6:85:41:b9:3d:19:76:fb:17:1a:
        6c:8b:ce:91:fc:53:d0:cc:70:ee:83:46:9f:89:7f:
        75:da:63:e5:8a:0a:eb:60:08:20:da:55:bb:47:ad:
        bb:48:af:5e:c4:03:36:af:e5:03:a2:7c:61:9b:49:
        b5:42:a7:a4:34:68:97:62:e7:7e:b4:a1:2a:44:52:
        b2:51:45:9e:59:e1:dc:4b:d6:f8:a6:4b:05:06:1b:
        e4:67:20:49:fd:61:82:75:19:62:6f:7b:ed:8f:16:
        7a:fb:2a:27:8b:9c:bd:37:57:a5:0f:cf:1a:0c:26:
        78:5c:9c:93:5d:4e:9f:9d:07:0c:d2:6b:35:50:c3:
        27:b6:72:c4:89:95:53:24:e3:db:76:97:10:70:71:
        ee:e8:86:e8:7e:f5:f2:fb:1b:71:d4:e5:2f:5d:d3:
        c4:13:d5:ba:e4:9c:c1:da:85:cc:35:49:8c:89:77:
        42:92:8d:12:42:07:ac:00:c6:70:19:98:96:09:d6:
        34:02:23:c6:08:0a:ad:23:45:7d:ab:87:11:17:b8:
        43:17:41:c6:a2:15:05:f3:0a:b9:90:11:7a:de:29:
        42:12:0e:f3:5e:bb:f8:7b:61:4f:54:bc:95:8f:65:
        21:46:9c:41:a0:9c:c3:f6:5e:f4:26:12:32:b7:ad:
        01
    prime1:
        00:e7:e3:a4:a4:bb:22:2c:d3:07:1b:38:fb:d8:f8:
        81:92:af:36:b1:32:d0:27:6f:bc:b9:d6:29:e8:f8:
        5e:38:69:21:8e:35:e8:06:c7:b9:63:29:f2:1e:54:
        2d:e8:29:d5:a4:94:37:de:64:14:90:9f:b7:8a:5b:
        34:48:c1:6d:98:8d:eb:cf:7b:9d:ce:57:9e:93:5b:
        28:d8:bd:89:df:e0:88:e2:4b:7b:7c:50:9b:14:56:
        d5:5e:ff:9d:2c:da:e6:fa:d3:b0:eb:c2:78:f1:ab:
        32:69:df:24:12:71:d8:ab:d5:2c:fb:fd:cc:2c:39:
        85:25:84:ed:86:48:33:0a:91
    prime2:
        00:bb:f9:a5:95:06:96:69:90:10:71:0f:14:b9:57:
        9a:b3:13:18:a0:df:33:32:6c:df:ae:4c:5c:f0:07:
        cd:c0:ac:45:f6:77:38:e3:2c:28:e2:72:6b:fa:ef:
        d4:55:11:98:a5:18:0c:ad:d9:65:e6:fc:f4:22:ae:
        bc:aa:4d:37:b2:96:96:ee:f0:c9:9f:c8:49:42:19:
        11:79:0c:35:8a:df:45:a7:fe:75:af:d3:07:cc:64:
        d5:6a:b3:91:24:66:b6:a1:9d:20:88:d7:bc:2c:d8:
        b3:0f:76:d0:d7:d8:44:be:3b:bd:9a:7d:31:f5:0e:
        b6:43:b7:5a:a5:5a:5f:7f:0b
    exponent1:
        00:b4:2d:53:3e:94:10:e7:d7:48:8c:44:68:9b:9b:
        eb:c1:f7:d6:7d:34:c8:3b:fc:3c:1e:01:64:2b:1a:
        e0:ca:e0:15:2c:94:82:26:d2:85:1f:a1:f5:f8:ce:
        db:a4:aa:ec:cf:a6:43:0a:cf:a4:93:03:26:ef:a0:
        12:2d:fd:ed:94:3d:a1:de:63:64:a8:71:b8:4b:32:
        e7:b8:10:fd:d2:30:7a:eb:aa:4e:d6:b7:22:e8:58:
        d8:0d:aa:7b:8b:e0:c2:dc:5e:23:f7:eb:f1:61:85:
        ed:f4:09:67:d3:d5:15:cf:de:21:c7:e2:da:03:fa:
        e5:93:d3:87:63:71:32:07:a1
    exponent2:
        40:fd:c0:ad:34:d8:de:68:ab:f6:9b:13:3c:3d:b8:
        c3:ff:6f:3d:77:ce:58:b9:e1:e0:7e:90:87:80:fb:
        37:89:98:aa:ed:6f:a2:c3:ca:e2:f8:52:b3:31:26:
        85:bf:0e:ba:ce:04:dc:3a:d5:0b:b7:1b:a5:be:2a:
        86:eb:29:bd:ba:69:36:f5:d3:90:46:0c:66:29:0a:
        ac:82:77:24:ab:ab:86:b8:e8:f1:c0:91:ea:ae:56:
        47:8d:0c:3a:bc:b4:9a:4e:1c:48:93:e6:80:ce:ef:
        a2:02:1f:94:f1:36:5b:5b:86:63:9a:b3:a2:19:d3:
        14:b8:99:43:a0:6a:72:1f
    coefficient:
        00:91:8d:fa:90:8d:17:a5:61:5b:54:ee:3e:81:0f:
        d0:43:6c:27:e6:8a:9c:1a:44:d3:f4:0a:e0:06:39:
        5b:52:f9:49:c9:b9:a2:21:b1:71:50:40:61:01:b8:
        e9:df:16:28:c8:bd:be:d8:71:74:4b:e2:99:51:60:
        f3:2f:0e:a6:11:34:e6:ee:23:a0:3e:d7:13:6d:af:
        4d:34:9f:16:bf:1d:47:f3:29:57:88:f5:3b:27:f4:
        02:8c:5a:75:d2:f1:97:1f:4a:db:15:7f:7a:03:15:
        f7:d7:61:1a:82:69:67:ae:86:93:26:83:d4:f0:75:
        7a:00:bb:07:e9:13:91:82:9b

#### Signing with Externally-signed CA Certificates

To sign generated certificates with a certificate authority (CA) generated outside of the TLS Toolkit, ensure the necessary files are in the right format and location (see Additional Certificate Commands). For example, an organization Large Organization has an internal CA (`CN=ca.large.org, OU=Certificate Authority`). This root CA is offline and only used to sign other internal CAs. The Large IT team generates an intermediate CA (`CN=nifi_ca.large.org, OU=NiFi, OU=Certificate Authority`) to be used to sign all NiFi node certificates (`CN=node1.nifi.large.org, OU=NiFi`, `CN=node2.nifi.large.org, OU=NiFi`, etc.).

To use the toolkit to generate these certificates and sign them using the intermediate CA, ensure that the following files are present (see Additional Certificate Commands):

- `nifi-cert.pem`— the public certificate of the intermediate CA in PEM format

- `nifi-key.key`— the Base64-encoded private key of the intermediate CA in PKCS #1 PEM format

If the intermediate CA was the root CA, it would be self-signed— the signature over the certificate would be issued from the same key. In that case (the same as a toolkit-generated CA), no additional arguments are necessary. However, because the intermediate CA is signed by the root CA, the public certificate of the root CA needs to be provided as well to validate the signature. The `--additionalCACertificate` parameter is used to specify the path to the signing public certificate. The value should be the absolute path to the root CA public certificate.

Example:

    # Generate cert signed by intermediate CA (which is signed by root CA) -- WILL FAIL

    $ ./bin/tls-toolkit.sh standalone -n 'node1.nifi.apache.org' \
    -P passwordpassword \
    -S passwordpassword \
    -o /opt/certs/externalCA \
    -O

    2018/08/02 18:48:11 INFO [main] org.apache.nifi.toolkit.tls.standalone.TlsToolkitStandaloneCommandLine: No nifiPropertiesFile specified, using embedded one.
    2018/08/02 18:48:12 INFO [main] org.apache.nifi.toolkit.tls.standalone.TlsToolkitStandalone: Running standalone certificate generation with output directory /opt/certs/externalCA
    2018/08/02 18:48:12 INFO [main] org.apache.nifi.toolkit.tls.util.TlsHelper: Verifying the certificate signature for CN=nifi_ca.large.org, OU=Certificate Authority
    2018/08/02 18:48:12 INFO [main] org.apache.nifi.toolkit.tls.util.TlsHelper: Attempting to verify certificate CN=nifi_ca.large.org, OU=NiFi, OU=Certificate Authority signature with CN=nifi_ca.large.org, OU=NiFi, OU=Certificate Authority
    2018/08/02 18:48:12 WARN [main] org.apache.nifi.toolkit.tls.util.TlsHelper: Certificate CN=nifi_ca.large.org, OU=NiFi, OU=Certificate Authority not signed by CN=nifi_ca.large.org, OU=NiFi, OU=Certificate Authority [certificate does not verify with supplied key]
    Error generating TLS configuration. (The signing certificate was not signed by any known certificates)

    # Provide additional CA certificate path for signature verification of intermediate CA

    $ ./bin/tls-toolkit.sh standalone -n 'node1.nifi.apache.org' \
    -P passwordpassword \
    -S passwordpassword \
    -o /opt/certs/externalCA \
    --additionalCACertificate /opt/certs/externalCA/root.pem \
    -O

    2018/08/02 18:48:44 INFO [main] org.apache.nifi.toolkit.tls.standalone.TlsToolkitStandaloneCommandLine: No nifiPropertiesFile specified, using embedded one.
    2018/08/02 18:48:44 INFO [main] org.apache.nifi.toolkit.tls.standalone.TlsToolkitStandalone: Running standalone certificate generation with output directory /opt/certs/externalCA
    2018/08/02 18:48:44 INFO [main] org.apache.nifi.toolkit.tls.util.TlsHelper: Verifying the certificate signature for CN=nifi_ca.large.org, OU=NiFi, OU=Certificate Authority
    2018/08/02 18:48:44 INFO [main] org.apache.nifi.toolkit.tls.util.TlsHelper: Attempting to verify certificate CN=nifi_ca.large.org, OU=NiFi, OU=Certificate Authority signature with CN=ca.large.org, OU=Certificate Authority
    2018/08/02 18:48:44 INFO [main] org.apache.nifi.toolkit.tls.util.TlsHelper: Certificate was signed by CN=ca.large.org, OU=Certificate Authority
    2018/08/02 18:48:44 INFO [main] org.apache.nifi.toolkit.tls.standalone.TlsToolkitStandalone: Using existing CA certificate /opt/certs/externalCA/nifi-cert.pem and key /opt/certs/externalCA/nifi-key.key
    2018/08/02 18:48:44 INFO [main] org.apache.nifi.toolkit.tls.standalone.TlsToolkitStandalone: Writing new ssl configuration to /opt/certs/externalCA/node1.nifi.apache.org
    2018/08/02 18:48:44 INFO [main] org.apache.nifi.toolkit.tls.standalone.TlsToolkitStandalone: Successfully generated TLS configuration for node1.nifi.apache.org 1 in /opt/certs/externalCA/node1.nifi.apache.org
    2018/08/02 18:48:44 INFO [main] org.apache.nifi.toolkit.tls.standalone.TlsToolkitStandalone: No clientCertDn specified, not generating any client certificates.
    2018/08/02 18:48:44 INFO [main] org.apache.nifi.toolkit.tls.standalone.TlsToolkitStandalone: tls-toolkit standalone completed successfully

### Additional Certificate Commands

1. To convert from DER encoded public certificate (`cert.der`) to PEM encoded (`cert.pem`):

   - If the DER file contains both the public certificate and private key, remove the private key with this command:

     - `perl -pe 'BEGIN{undef $/;} s|-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----.*?-----END PRIVATE KEY-----|Removed private key|gs' cert.der > cert.pem`

   - If the DER file only contains the public certificate, use this command:

     - `openssl x509 -inform der -in cert.der -out cert.pem`

2. To convert from a PKCS12 keystore (`keystore.p12`) containing both the public certificate and private key into PEM encoded files (`$PASSWORD` is the keystore password):

   - `openssl pkcs12 -in keystore.p12 -nodes -clcerts -nokeys -out cert.pem -password "pass:$PASSWORD"`

   - `openssl pkcs12 -in keystore.p12 -nodes -nocerts -out key.key -password "pass:$PASSWORD"`

3. To convert from a Java Keystore (`keystore.jks`) containing private key into PEM encoded files (`$P12_PASSWORD` is the PKCS12 keystore password, `$JKS_PASSWORD` is the Java keystore password you want to set, and `$ALIAS` can be any value — the NiFi default is `nifi-key`):

   - `keytool -importkeystore -srckeystore keystore.jks -destkeystore keystore.p12 -srcstoretype JKS -deststoretype PKCS12 -destkeypass "$P12_PASSWORD" -deststorepass "$P12_PASSWORD" -srcstorepass "$JKS_PASSWORD" -srcalias "$ALIAS" -destalias "$ALIAS"`

   - Follow the steps above to convert from `keystore.p12` to `cert.pem` and `key.key`

4. To convert from PKCS #8 PEM format to PKCS #1 PEM format:

   - If the private key is provided in PKCS #8 format (the file begins with `-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----` rather than `-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----`), the following command will convert it to PKCS #1 format, move the original to `nifi-key-pkcs8.key`, and rename the PKCS #1 version as `nifi-key.key`:

     - `openssl rsa -in nifi-key.key -out nifi-key-pkcs1.key && mv nifi-key.key nifi-key-pkcs8.key && mv nifi-key-pkcs1.key nifi-key.key`

5. To combine a private key in PEM format (`private.key`) and public certificate in PEM format (`certificate.pem`) into PKCS12 keystore:

   - The following command will create the PKCS12 keystore (`keystore.p12`) from the two independent files. A Java keystore (JKS) cannot be formed directly from the PEM files:

     - `openssl pkcs12 -export -out keystore.p12 -inkey private.key -in certificate.pem`

6. To convert a PKCS12 keystore (`keystore.p12`) to JKS keystore (`keystore.jks`):

   - The following command will create the JKS keystore (`keystore.jks`). The `-destalias` flag is optional, as NiFi does not currently read from a specific alias in the keystore. The user will be prompted for a keystore password, which must be set and have minimum 8 characters, and a key password, which can be the same as the keystore password or different:

     - `keytool -importkeystore -srckeystore keystore.p12 -srcstoretype pkcs12 -destkeystore keystore.jks -deststoretype jks -destalias nifi-key`

## ZooKeeper Migrator

You can use the `zk-migrator` tool to perform the following tasks:

- Moving ZooKeeper information from one ZooKeeper cluster to another

- Migrating ZooKeeper node ownership

For example, you may want to use the ZooKeeper Migrator when you are:

- Upgrading from NiFi 0.x to NiFi 1.x in which embedded ZooKeepers are used

- Migrating from an embedded ZooKeeper in NiFi 0.x or 1.x to an external ZooKeeper

- Upgrading from NiFi 0.x with an external ZooKeeper to NiFi 1.x with the same external ZooKeeper

- Migrating from an external ZooKeeper to an embedded ZooKeeper in NiFi 1.x

### Usage

The `zk-migrator` tool is invoked as `./bin/zk-migrator.sh` or `bin\zk-migrator.bat`.

To show help:

    ./bin/zk-migrator.sh -h

The following are available options:

- `-a`,`--auth <username:password>` Allows the specification of a username and password for authentication with ZooKeeper. This option is mutually exclusive with the `-k`,`--krb-conf` option.

- `-f`,`--file <filename>` The file used for ZooKeeper data serialized as JSON. When used with the `-r`,`--receive` option, data read from ZooKeeper will be stored in the given filename. When used with the `-s`,`--send` option, the data in the file will be sent to ZooKeeper.

- `-h`,`--help` Prints help, displays available parameters with descriptions

- `--ignore-source` Allows the ZooKeeper Migrator to write to the ZooKeeper and path from which the data was obtained.

- `-k`,`--krb-conf <jaas-filename>` Allows the specification of a JAAS configuration file to allow authentication with a ZooKeeper configured to use Kerberos. This option is mutually exclusive with the `-a`,`--auth` option.

- `-r`,`--receive` Receives data from ZooKeeper and writes to the given filename (if the `-f`,`--file` option is provided) or standard output. The data received will contain the full path to each node read from ZooKeeper. This option is mutually exclusive with the `-s`,`--send` option.

- `-s`,`--send` Sends data to ZooKeeper that is read from the given filename (if the `-f`,`--file` option is provided) or standard input. The paths for each node in the data being sent to ZooKeeper are absolute paths, and will be stored in ZooKeeper under the path portion of the `-z`,`--zookeeper` argument. Typically, the path portion of the argument can be omitted, which will store the nodes at their absolute paths. This option is mutually exclusive with the `-r`,`--receive` option.

- `--use-existing-acl` Allows the ZooKeeper Migrator to write ACL values retrieved from the source ZooKeeper server to destination server. Default action will apply Open rights for unsecured destinations or Creator Only rights for secured destinations.

- `-z`,`--zookeeper <zookeeper-endpoint>` The ZooKeeper server(s) to use, specified by a connect string, comprised of one or more comma-separated host:port pairs followed by a path, in the format of host:port[,host2:port…​,hostn:port]/znode/path.

### Migrating Between Source and Destination ZooKeepers

Before you begin, confirm that:

- You have installed the destination ZooKeeper cluster.

- You have installed and configured a NiFi cluster to use the destination ZooKeeper cluster.

- If you are migrating ZooKeepers due to upgrading NiFi from 0.x to 1.x,, you have already followed appropriate NiFi upgrade steps.

- You have configured Kerberos as needed.

- You have not started processing any dataflow (to avoid duplicate data processing).

- If one of the ZooKeeper clusters you are using is configured with Kerberos, you are running the ZooKeeper Migrator from a host that has access to NiFi’s ZooKeeper client jaas configuration file (see the Kerberizing NiFi’s ZooKeeper Client section in the System Administrator’s Guide for more information).

#### ZooKeeper Migration Steps

1. Collect the following information:

   Required Information | Description
   Source ZooKeeper hostname (sourceHostname) | The hostname must be one of the hosts running in the ZooKeeper ensemble, which can be found in <NiFi installation dir>/conf/zookeeper.properties. Any of the hostnames declared in the `server.N` properties can be used.
   Destination ZooKeeper hostname (destinationHostname) | The hostname must be one of the hosts running in the ZooKeeper ensemble, which can be found in <NiFi installation dir>/conf/zookeeper.properties. Any of the hostnames declared in the `server.N` properties can be used.
   Source ZooKeeper port (sourceClientPort) | This can be found in <NiFi installation dir>/conf/zookeeper.properties. The port is specified in the `clientPort` property or at the end of the server string.
   Destination ZooKeeper port (destinationClientPort) | This can be found in <NiFi installation dir>/conf/zookeeper.properties. The port is specified in the `clientPort` property or at the end of the server string.
   Export data path | Determine the path that will store a json file containing the export of data from ZooKeeper. It must be readable and writable by the user running the zk-migrator tool.
   Source ZooKeeper Authentication Information | This information is in <NiFi installation dir>/conf/state-management.xml. For NiFi 0.x, if Creator Only is specified in state-management.xml, you need to supply authentication information using the `-a,--auth` argument with the values from the Username and Password properties in state-management.xml. For NiFi 1.x, supply authentication information using the `-k,--krb-conf` argument. If the state-management.xml specifies Open, no authentication is required.
   Destination ZooKeeper Authentication Information | This information is in <NiFi installation dir>/conf/state-management.xml. For NiFi 0.x, if Creator Only is specified in state-management.xml, you need to supply authentication information using the `-a,--auth` argument with the values from the Username and Password properties in state-management.xml. For NiFi 1.x, supply authentication information using the `-k,--krb-conf` argument. If the state-management.xml specifies Open, no authentication is required.
   Root path to which NiFi writes data in Source ZooKeeper (sourceRootPath) | This information can be found in `<NiFi installation dir>/conf/state-management.xml` under the Root Node property in the cluster-provider element. (default: `/nifi`)
   Root path to which NiFi writes data in Destination ZooKeeper (destinationRootPath) | This information can be found in <NiFi installation dir>/conf/state-management.xml under the Root Node property in the cluster-provider element.

   | As of NiFi 1.10.x, because of an upgrade to ZooKeeper 3.5.x, the migrator may have a permission error `"NoAuthException: KeeperErrorCode = NoAuth for /zookeeper/config"` when attempting to use `/` as the destination root path. This is because the `/zookeeper/config` znode has read-only permissions. Instead use a destination path of `/nifi/components` or similar.

2. Stop all processors in the NiFi flow. If you are migrating between two NiFi installations, the flows on both must be stopped.

3. Export the NiFi component data from the source ZooKeeper. The following command reads from the specified ZooKeeper running on the given hostname:port, using the provided path to the data, and authenticates with ZooKeeper using the given username and password. The data read from ZooKeeper is written to the file provided.

   - For NiFi 0.x

     - For an open ZooKeeper:

       - `zk-migrator.sh -r -z sourceHostname:sourceClientPort/sourceRootPath/components -f /path/to/export/zk-source-data.json`

     - For a ZooKeeper using username:password for authentication:

       - `zk-migrator.sh -r -z sourceHostname:sourceClientPort/sourceRootPath/components -a <username:password> -f /path/to/export/zk-source-data.json`

   - For NiFi 1.x

     - For an open ZooKeeper:

       - `zk-migrator.sh -r -z sourceHostname:sourceClientPort/sourceRootPath/components -f /path/to/export/zk-source-data.json`

     - For a ZooKeeper using Kerberos for authentication:

       - `zk-migrator.sh -r -z sourceHostname:sourceClientPort/sourceRootPath/components -k /path/to/jaasconfig/jaas-config.conf -f /path/to/export/zk-source-data.json`

4. (Optional) If you have used the new NiFi installation to do any processing, you can also export its ZooKeeper data as a backup prior to performing the migration.

   - For an open ZooKeeper:

     - `zk-migrator.sh -r -z destinationHostname:destinationClientPort/destinationRootPath/components -f /path/to/export/zk-destination-backup-data.json`

   - For a ZooKeeper using Kerberos for authentication:

     - `zk-migrator.sh -r -z destinationHostname:destinationClientPort/destinationRootPath/components -k /path/to/jaasconfig/jaas-config.conf -f /path/to/export/zk-destination-backup-data.json`

5. Migrate the ZooKeeper data to the destination ZooKeeper. If the source and destination ZooKeepers are the same, the `--ignore-source` option can be added to the following examples.

   - For an open ZooKeeper:

     - `zk-migrator.sh -s -z destinationHostname:destinationClientPort/destinationRootPath/components -f /path/to/export/zk-source-data.json`

   - For a ZooKeeper using Kerberos for authentication:

     - `zk-migrator.sh -s -z destinationHostname:destinationClientPort/destinationRootPath/components -k /path/to/jaasconfig/jaas-config.conf -f /path/to/export/zk-source-data.json`

6. Once the migration has completed successfully, start the processors in the NiFi flow. Processing should continue from the point at which it was stopped when the NiFi flow was stopped.